LECTURE OUTLINE

EVOLUTION, ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY 05-1116-3

2008

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Click here to see the PowerPoint slides used in lecture.

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Note: all chapter references below are for Campbell 7th ed. 2005.

PART I

1. Evolution Chap. 22

-Darwin and Evolution through Natural Selection.

- Evidence for Evolution

2. Population Genetics Chap. 23

-Hardy-Weinberg Law

- Natural Selection

3. Origin of Species Chap. 24

-Biological species concept

-Reproductive barriers that separate species

-Prezygotic barriers

-Postzygotic barriers

-Geographical isolation and the origin of species

4. Macroevolution Chap. 25

- The fossil record

- Questions about macroevolution

- Macroevolution and Biogeography

- Mass extinctions and adaptive radiations

5. The Origins of Life on Earth Chap. 26

- Origin of Life

- The Chemical Evolution Hypothesis.

-Oparin-Haldane Hypothesis.

-Miller-Urey Experiment

-Further steps in the origin of Cells.

6. The Monera (Prokaryotes) Chap. 27

-Prokaryotic Form and Function

- Metabolic Diversity

- Diversity of Prokaryotes

- Importance of Prokaryotes

- Human Impact

7. The Protists Chap. 28

8. Fungi Chap. 31

-Basic terminology

-The Division Zygomycota

-The Division Ascomycota

-The Division Basidiomycota

9. Plant Diversity1 Chap. 29

-The life cycle of plants

-The Bryophytes

-Morphology

-Reproduction

-The Ferns

-Morphology

-Reproduction

Plant Diversity 2: The Flowering Plants Chap. 30

-Morphology

-Reproduction

10. Introduction to Animal Diversity  Chap. 32

-The differences between plants and animals.

-The Origin of the Animal Diversity

-An Overveiw of Animal Diversity

Invertebrates Chapt.33

-The Parazoa-Eumetazoa split

-The Radiata-Bilateria split

-The Acoelomate-Coelomate split

-The Protostome-Deuterostome split

Vertebrates Chap. 34

- Introduction to the Chordates

- Evolution of the Vertebrates

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PART II

ECOLOGY - DISTRIBUTION AND ADAPTATIONS OF ORGANISMS Chap. 50

Questions of Ecology

11. Biomes

Terrestrial biomes

Tropical Forest

Savanna

Desert

Chaparral

Temperate Grasslands

Temperate Deciduous Forest

Taiga

Tundera - Alpine Tundra

Fresh water Biomes

Ponds and lakes

Steams and Rivers

Marine Biomes

Estuaries

Intertidal zone

Coral Reefs

Climate and the Distribution of Biomes

12. Population Biology Chap. 52

DENSITY AND DISPERSION

-Measuring Density

-Patterns of Dispersion

DEMOGRAPHY

-Age Structure and Sex Rates

-Life Tables and Survivorship Curves

THE EVOLUTION OF LIFE HISTORIES

MODELS OF POPULATION GROWTH

-Exponential Population Growth

-Logistic Population Growth

THE REGULATION OF POPULATIONS

-Density-Dependent Factors

-Density-Independent Factors

-The Interaction of Regulating Factors

-Population Cycles

HUMAN POPULATION GROWTH

13. COMMUNITY ECOLOGY Chap. 53

TWO GENERAL VIEWS OF COMMUNITIES

POPULATION INTERACTIONS

-Coevolution

-Predation

-Plant Defences Against Herbivores

-Animal Defences Against Predators

-Minicry

-Interspecific Competition

- Ecological Niche

-Symbiotic Interactions

14. ECOSYSTEM ECOLOGY Chap. 54

-Trophic levels and food webs

-Energy flow

-Chemical cycling

-Human intrusions in ecosystem dynamics

15. BEHAVIOUR Chap. 51  We will cover selected topics from the following...

EVOLUTIONARY LOGIC OF BEHAVIOURAL ECOLOGY

PROXIMATE VERSUS ULTIMATE CAUSATION

INNATE COMPONENTS OF BEHAVIOUR

LEARNING AND BEHAVIOUR

BEHAVIOURAL RHYTHMS

MOVEMENT

FORAGING BEHAVIOUR

SOCIAL INTERACTIONS

MATING BEHAVIOUR

COMMUNICATION

SELFISH VERSUS ALTRUISTIC BEHAVIOUR

ANIMAL COGNITION

HUMAN SOCIOBIOLOGY

16. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY